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Interventional Radiology uses medical imaging guidance to aid the detailed visualization and accurate diagnosis of lymphedema.
We use minimally invasive procedures to visualize and build 3D modeling of lymphatic systems precisely. This imaging improves the ability to diagnose blockages or leakages and access areas that are not possible with standard procedures.
What are the Types of Interventional Radiology Procedures for Lymphedema?
Intranodal Lymphangiography
This is a diagnostic procedure where contrast dye is injected directly into a lymph node to visualize the lymphatic vessels using imaging techniques. This provides real-time data about the flow through the lymphatic vessels. This procedure can provide dynamic and detailed images to examine the lymphatic system and its functions. It allows the team to see if there is - and the location of - a blockage or leakage.
Retrograde Transvenous and Transcervical Access to the Thoracic Duct
This is a method of accessing the thoracic duct either through the veins in the arm (transvenous) or the neck (transcervical) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. We utilize this when direct access is not possible.
Thoracic Duct Balloon Angioplasty and Stent Placement
This involves the use of a balloon to widen the thoracic duct if narrowed and the placement of a stent to relieve blockages, like procedures done in blood vessels.
Direct CT Venogram
Although not a dedicated lymphatic test, this technique can help us understand the cause of the leg swelling and rule out a deep venous blockage. This specialized CT scan involves injecting contrast into the deep veins at the ankle or foot. Contrast flows directly into the deep veins and can show with great precision if there is an obstruction in the deep veins of the calf, thigh or pelvis, as opposed to Indirect CT-venography, where contrast is injected in the peripheral veins of the arm and can get diluted in circulation, making it difficult to see the blockages.
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